It is important that when discussing disabilities, the Social Model and the Medical Model of Disability are explored to increase are awareness and understanding.  The medical and social models of disability have a long history of understanding disabilities in society and each model has a unique perspective on the disability experience.

What is the Medical Model of Disability?

The medical model of disability sees an individual's disability as the result of a biological or genetic condition and treats disabilities with medication or therapy to lessen the severity and impact on the individual's daily life.

As a result, the responsibility to deal with societal barriers is the individual's responsibility. Unfortunately, one of the downsides of the medical model of disability is that it often fails to give individuals with disabilities the freedom to be independent and do things on their own.

What is the Social Model of Disability?

The social model of disability points to the environment and how people are treated as the cause for disability. Rather than any biological or genetic condition, society's responsibility is to adapt to the individual's needs.

Sometimes, a person can't receive treatment for their disability. Still, they may adapt to live comfortably within their surroundings if proper accommodations are in place.

For example, people with physical disabilities can use wheelchairs, and a marathon runner can run using prosthetic legs.

The social model of disability states that society's negative attitudes and structures toward disabled individuals prevent them from participating in the same activities as non-disabled individuals.

Why Does Knowing The Difference Between These Models Matter?

If you're a person with a disability, it's essential to know how society perceives you. However, you also need to realize that your life will never be the same as someone without a disability.

People without disabilities should keep in mind their language because it can make people with disabilities feel devalued or disrespected.

The medical model of disability describes a disabled person as someone who needs help to overcome a physical shortcoming. However, sometimes someone without a disability might use it to express their own experiences, which can hurt those who don't view themselves in the same way.

The social model of disability encourages society to view disabled individuals as competent people facing some challenges. Therefore, by providing them with adequate support and assistance, you can help to make their lives more fulfilling and enjoyable.